The diorama recreates one of the glorious pages of the
national-liberation war of 1648-1654. In spite of the fact that the overall
strength of the Polish gentry troops headed by hetman Kalynovskiy was 5 times
as much as the Cossack troops the first one was conquering Vinnytsya for two
weeks. The Cossacks and the countryside headed by Ivan Bohun dealt a hard
blow.
The haidamaky movement enveloped the Right-bank Ukraine in the 30-60s of
the 18
th century appeared to be the national protest against the
gentry-catholic oppression. The samples of the arms of the rebels are exhibited
along with the portraits of M.Zalyznyak and I.Honta.
The name of the Russian commander O.V. Suvorov is concerned with
Vinnytsya, whose headquarters took seat in Tulchyn in 1796-1797.
The separate section of the exposition narrates about the outstanding Russian
surgeon and scientist M.I. Pirogov.
In the post-reformed period the Podillya industry was developing. The
very important fact that gave a powerful incentive to the economic development
of the land was the construction of the Kyiv-Baltic railway. Vinnytsya,
Zhmerynka and Kozyatyn became the part of one of the most significant railway
through passages of the country. The documentary photos of the construction
project are exposed, the interior of the barracks is shown to the visitors,
where the workers of the sugar plants lived.
A number of exhibits represent
the development of education in Podillya, the separate section is devoted to
the eminent figures of science and culture that lived and worked in
Vinnytchina. Thus the famous Russian painter V.A.Tropinin lived 20 years in the
village of Kukavka Mohyliv-Podilskiy region, Vinnytsya is a birth-place of the
outstanding writer M.M.Kotsubinskiy, Marko Vovchok lived and worked in the city
of Nemyriv, the Russian composer P.I.Chaikovskiy came to the villages Brayiliv
and Syomaky many a time.
The name of the inventor of the first plane O.F. Mozhaiskiy, of the
Ukrainian writers S.V.Rudanskiy and A.P.Svidnitskiy, the composer M.D.
Leontovych, P.I. Nishchynskiy and many other prominent writers, artists,
scientists are concerned with Vinnytsya.
The reconstruction of the study of the military department of the
Directory, located in the hotel «Savoy» in 1919 (now hotel «Ukraine»)
represents the events of the liberation period.
The exposition reconstitutes the tragic pages of our history too: the
famine of 1932-1933 in Podillya, the extirpation of people by the NKVS body in
1937-1938. There is a great amount of facts concerning the Great Patriotic War
of 1941-1945: the occupational regime, the partisan and underground movement in
Vinnytchina. The facts, acquainting the visitors with the industries, memorials
of the spiritual culture of the citizens of Vinnytchina, mechanical arts are in
the separate exhibition. The things concerning ethnography, that give the
information of the descent and ethnic history, culture, everyday life and
economy of the Ukrainians, Russians, Jews, Poles, take the considerable place
in the collection of the museum.
The collection of
the bright men”s
and women”s shirts that had
been embroidered in Podillya since long time ago was gathered. One of the most
prelate embroideries is the embroidery nyzzyu, they occur in Podillya only. The
complete picture of such trade as weaving and carpet manufacturing, that was
the essential part of the home business of each peasant family, are shown in
the collection. The agriculture was always the
most important kind of the economic activities in Podillya. The harvesting
tackle as well as the wool and plant-fiber processing, draught treatment tools
is shown in the collection. The ceramics taking the leading place among the
folk line of business trade is the component part of the ethnographical
collection. The ceramics of Podillya is remarkable for the beauty of its
ornamental patterns, color and refinement. It is represented with the
production of such well-known ceramic centers as Kryshchyntsy, Bar, Bubnyvka,
Pavlyvka, Maidan-Bobryk.
The collection contains the things of the spiritual culture: pysanky,
vitynanky, folk drawings, icons. The articles representing the blacksmith”s work, fishing,
hunting, cooperage of the population of Podillya are considered to be unique.
The museum”s
collection is our spiritual heritage. It tells us about our origin, when our
people appeared on the land, the way we lived, what clothes we wore, what tools
we worked the land with, what traditions we have kept since long time ago, what
gods we prayed, what way we raised up our children, defended our native land of
the invaders. The exhibition of the museum teaches, warns and makes everybody
to think about the eternal common to all mankind valuables.
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